Each level has three possible labels that will be used interchangeably throughout this article. The first label is the descriptive title, the second is the level number, and the third is the two-letter combination. For example, the Egocentric level is denoted as the third or C-P level.                                                                                                           

                                    Figure 1 – LEVELS OF HUMAN EXISTENCE

 

Nature of Existence

Problems of Existence

Motivational System

Means
Values

Ends
Values

Appropriate Managerial Style

1.

Automatic

(A-N)

Maintaining physiological stability

Physiological

No conscious value  system - 

values purely 

Reactive

No conscious value system – values purely REACTIVE

NURTURING

 

 

2.

Tribalistic

(B-O)

Achievement

of relative

safety

Assurance

TRADITIONALISM

Safety

FRIENDLY    PARENT

3.

Egocentric

(C-P)

Living with

self-awareness

Survival

Exploitation

POWER

TOUGH

PATERNALISTIC

4.

Saintly

(D-Q)

 

Achieving

Everlasting

Peace of Mind

Security

SACRIFICE

Salvation

AUTHORITARIAN

5. 

Materialistic

(E-R)

Conquering the physical

universe so as to overcome want

Independence

Scientism

MATERIALISM

BARGAINING

6. 

Personalistic

(F-S)

 

Living with

the human

element

Affiliation

SOCIOCENTRICITY

Community

GROUP

PROCESS

7. 

Cognitive

(A’-N’)

Restoring

viability to a

disordered

world

Existence

Accepting

EXISTENCE

FACILITATION

8. Experientialistic

(B’-O’)

Accepting

Existential

Dichotomies

Experience

EXPERIENCING

Communion

FACILITATION

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